There is limited large, national data investigating the prevalence, characteristics,
and outcomes of cardiac arrest (CA) in patients hospitalized for heart failure (HF).
The goal of this study was to examine the characteristics, trends, and outcomes of
HF hospitalizations complicated by in-hospital CA. We used the National Inpatient
Sample to identify all primary HF admissions from 2016 to 2019. Cohorts were built
based on the presence of a codiagnosis of CA. Diagnoses were identified using International
Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Associations
with CA were then analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. We identified a
total of 4,905,564 HF admissions, 56,170 (1.1%) of which had CA. Hospitalizations
complicated by CA were significantly more likely to be male, to have coronary artery
disease, renal disease, and less likely to be White (p <0.001, all). Age <65 (odds
ratio [OR] 1.18, p <0.001), renal disease (OR 2.41, p <0.001), and coronary artery
disease (OR 1.26, p <0.001) had higher odds of CA while female gender (OR 0.84, confidence
interval [CI] 0.83 to 0.86, p <0.001) or HFpEF (OR 0.49, CI 0.48 to 0.50, p <0.001)
had lower odds of CA. Patients with CA had higher inpatient mortality (CA 54.2% vs
no CA 2.1%, p <0.001), which persisted after multivariate adjustment (OR 64.8, CI
63.5 to 66.0, p <0.001). CA occurs in >1 in 1,000 HF hospitalizations and remains
a prominent and serious event associated with a high mortality. Further research is
needed to examine long-term outcomes and mechanical circulatory support utilization
with more granularity in HF patients with in-hospital CA.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 06, 2023
Received in revised form:
December 6,
2022
Received:
October 4,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Journal Pre-ProofFootnotes
Funding: none.
Identification
Copyright
© 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
