Adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) are at risk of developing metabolic syndrome
(MetS) at a younger age. We sought to obtain the prevalence of MetS in ACHD from a
large population-based database in the United States. We conducted a retrospective cohort
study of patients with ACHD in Explorys (IBM Inc., Armonk, New York) database from
2008 to 2019. The ACHD cohort included patients aged 20 to 39 years, with moderate
and severe congenital heart disease, as defined by ACHD anatomic and physiologic classification.
Patients were diagnosed with MetS using the modified International Diabetes Federation's
diagnostic criteria. Logistic regression analysis was performed to compare the risk
of MetS in the ACHD cohort. MetS was diagnosed in 1,860 of 6,720 patients with ACHD
(27.6%). Among 7,359,470 controls, MetS was seen in 742,010 (10.1%). The average age
of MetS in ACHD was 31.5 and 32.7 years in controls (p <0.001). The risk of MetS was
higher in ACHD versus controls (odds ratio [OR] 2.75 [2.61 to 2.89], p <0.001). The
risk of MetS in ACHD was higher in men (OR 3.01 [2.78 to 3.26], p <0.001) and those
aged <25 years (men OR 7.57 [6.31 to 9.07], women OR 4.66 [3.85 to 5.63]; p <0.001).
The risk of MetS was higher in patients with severe versus moderate ACHD (OR 1.4 [1.56
to 1.74], p <0.001). In conclusion, MetS and its risk factors are more common in young
ACHD than in the general population.
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Article Info
Publication History
Published online: July 22, 2022
Received in revised form:
May 22,
2022
Received:
February 16,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Journal Pre-ProofIdentification
Copyright
© 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
