Highlights
- •Outcomes after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were compared in patients with ejection fractions (EFs) ≤50% versus >50%.
- •Similar outcomes were found between PCI and CABG in patients with EF >50%.
- •CABG had a better survival rate than PCI in patients with EF ≤50%.
- •Further study is warranted in patients with severe LV systolic dysfunction (EF ≤35%).
Coronary heart disease is a major risk factor for left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction.
However, limited data are available regarding long-term benefits of percutaneous coronary
intervention (PCI) in the era of drug-eluting stent or coronary artery bypass grafting
(CABG) in patients with LV systolic dysfunction with severe coronary artery disease.
We identified 3,584 patients with 3-vessel and/or left main disease of 15,939 patients
undergoing first myocardial revascularization enrolled in the CREDO-Kyoto PCI/CABG
Registry Cohort-2. Of them, 2,676 patients had preserved LV systolic function, defined
as an LV ejection fraction (LVEF) of >50% and 908 had impaired LV systolic function
(LVEF ≤50%). In patients with preserved LV function, 5-year outcomes were not different
between PCI and CABG regarding propensity score–adjusted risk of all-cause and cardiac
deaths. In contrast, in patients with impaired LV systolic function, the risks of
all-cause and cardiac deaths after PCI were significantly greater than those after
CABG (hazard ratio 1.49, 95% confidence interval 1.04 to 2.14, p = 0.03 and hazard
ratio 2.39, 95% confidence interval 1.43 to 3.98, p <0.01). In both patients with
moderate (35% < LVEF ≤ 50%) and severe (LVEF ≤35%) LV systolic dysfunction, the risk
of cardiac death after PCI was significantly greater than that after CABG (hazard
ratio 2.25, 95% confidence interval 1.15 to 4.40, p = 0.02 and hazard ratio 4.42,
95% confidence interval 1.48 to 13.24, p = 0.01). Similarly, the risk of all-cause
death tended to be greater after PCI than after CABG in both patients with moderate
and severe LV systolic dysfunction without significant interaction (hazard ratio 1.57,
95% confidence interval 0.96 to 2.56, p = 0.07 and hazard ratio 1.42, 95% confidence
interval 0.71 to 2.82, p = 0.32; interaction p = 0.91). CABG was associated with better
5-year survival outcomes than PCI in patients with impaired LV systolic function (LVEF
≤50%) with complex coronary disease in the era of drug-eluting stents. In both patients
with moderate (35% < LVEF ≤ 50%) and severe (LVEF ≤35%) LV systolic dysfunction, CABG
tended to have better survival outcomes than PCI.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 16, 2014
Accepted:
July 2,
2014
Received in revised form:
July 2,
2014
Received:
April 23,
2014
Footnotes
This work was supported by the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency in Tokyo, Japan.
See page 994 for disclosure information.
Identification
Copyright
© 2014 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
