Carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) progression is predictive of future cardiovascular
events in middle-age and older adults. However, information is scant on segment-specific
CIMT progression by race (black vs white) and gender and its predictors during short-term
follow-up in asymptomatic young adults. B-mode ultrasound images of the far walls
of both carotid arteries were obtained in 842 subjects aged 24 to 43 years and enrolled
in the Bogalusa Heart Study (70% whites and 42% men). The CIMT and cardiometabolic
risk variables were measured at baseline and after an average of 2.4 years. The mean
CIMT progression rates/year adjusted for age, race, and gender were greatest at the
bulb, followed by the internal and common carotid segments (p <0.0001). In a multivariate
logistic model, age, mean arterial pressure, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
were significantly associated with common CIMT progression. Smoking, age, insulin
resistance index, and mean arterial pressure were significantly associated with bulb
CIMT progression; and the waist/height ratio, smoking, age, and mean arterial pressure
were significantly associated with internal CIMT progression, independent of the baseline
CIMT and traditional cardiometabolic risk variables, including adiponectin, C-reactive
protein, and intercellular adhesion molecules. In addition, the status of progression
was associated with a greater prevalence of metabolic syndrome (common and internal
CIMT, p <0.05; bulb CIMT, p <0.0001) and diabetes (bulb CIMT only, p <0.001). In conclusion,
in younger adults, the magnitude of progression of CIMT within a short period varied
in a segment-specific manner, regardless of race or gender, and was predictable using
modifiable traditional risk factors. This could have implications for preventive and
interventional cardiology.
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Article Info
Publication History
Accepted:
August 21,
2010
Received in revised form:
August 21,
2010
Received:
July 12,
2010
Footnotes
This study was supported by grant AG16592 from the National Institute on Aging , Bethesda, Maryland, and Grant 0855082E from the American Heart Association , Dallas, Texas.
Identification
Copyright
Published by Elsevier Inc.
