The effect of habitual exercise on vascular function, including central arterial distensibility
and endothelial function, in obese subjects has not yet been clarified. We investigated
whether aerobic exercise training affects central arterial distensibility and endothelial
function in middle-age overweight and obese men. A total of 21 overweight and obese
men (age 50 ± 2 years, body mass index 30 ± 1 kg/m2) completed a 12-week aerobic exercise intervention. Aerobic exercise training significantly
reduced their body weight and resulted in a significant decrease in body mass index.
After the weight-reduction exercise program, carotid arterial compliance (determined
by simultaneous B-mode ultrasonography and arterial applanation tonometry on the common
carotid artery) significantly increased; and the β-stiffness index, an index of arterial
compliance adjusted for distending pressure, significantly decreased. The concentrations
of plasma endothelin-1, a potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by vascular endothelial
cells, significantly decreased and plasma nitric oxide (measured as the stable end
product [nitrite/nitrate]), a potent vasodilator produced by vascular endothelial
cells, significantly increased after the weight-reduction exercise program. In conclusion,
weight reduction by aerobic exercise training in overweight and obese men increased
the central arterial distensibility. This increase might contribute to the improvement
in endothelial function, as assessed by a decrease in endothelin-1 and an increase
in nitric oxide, after exercise training-induced weight loss.
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
April 27,
2009
Received in revised form:
April 27,
2009
Received:
February 22,
2009
Footnotes
This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan, Tokyo, Japan, Grants 18300215 and 21-692.
Identification
Copyright
© 2009 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
