Higher levels of inflammation are associated with adverse outcomes in patients with
lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD). This study evaluated associations
of physical activity during daily life with levels of inflammatory biomarkers, D-dimer,
and homocysteine in patients with PAD. Participants were 244 men and women (mean age
74.4 ± 8.2 years) with PAD (ankle brachial index <0.90). C-reactive protein, interleukin-6,
soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1, soluble vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1,
D-dimer, and homocysteine were assessed at study entry. Physical activity was objectively
assessed with a vertical accelerometer, which participants wore continuously for 7
days. After adjusting for age, gender, race, body mass index, smoking, co-morbidities,
ankle brachial index, and other potential confounders, higher physical activity levels
were associated linearly and significantly with lower levels of all measured circulating
biomarkers: soluble vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (p trend = 0.001), D-dimer
(p trend = 0.005), homocysteine (p trend = 0.006), interleukin-6 (p trend = 0.010),
C-reactive protein (p trend = 0.028), and soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1
(p trend = 0.033). In conclusion, higher levels of physical activity were associated
independently with lower levels of inflammatory markers, homocysteine, and D-dimer
in patients with PAD.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: September 09, 2008
Accepted:
June 30,
2008
Received in revised form:
June 30,
2008
Received:
March 13,
2008
Footnotes
This study was supported by Grants R01-HL58099, R01-HL64739, R01-HL71223, and R01-HL076298 from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, Bethesda, Maryland; by Grant RR-00048 from the National Center for Research Resources, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; and in part by the Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health.
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Copyright
© 2008 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
