Cardiopulmonary disease has been associated with particulate matter (PM) air pollution.
There is evidence that exposure to elevated PM concentrations increases risk of acute
ischemic heart disease events, alters cardiac autonomic function, and increases risk
of arrhythmias. It is plausible, therefore, that PM exposure may exacerbate heart
failure (HF). A case-crossover study design was used to explore associations between
fine PM (PM2.5: particles with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm) and 2,628 HF hospitalizations. Patients
lived on Utah's Wasatch Front and were drawn from those hospitalized at Intermountain
Healthcare facilities with a primary diagnosis of HF. A 14-day lagged cumulative moving
average of 10 μg/m3 PM2.5 was associated with a 13.1% (95% confidence interval 1.3 to 26.2) increase in HF
admissions. The strongest PM2.5–HF associations were for elderly patients who had previously been admitted for HF
and who required only a short period of hospitalization. HF hospitalizations are associated
with lagged cumulative exposure to PM2.5 of approximately 2 weeks. In conclusion, particulate air pollution may play a role
in precipitating acute cardiac decompensation in otherwise well-managed patients with
HF, perhaps through effects of PM on myocardial ischemia, cardiac autonomic function,
and/or arrhythmic effects.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 29, 2008
Accepted:
June 20,
2008
Received in revised form:
June 20,
2008
Received:
April 23,
2008
Footnotes
This study was supported by Deseret Foundation, Salt Lake City, Utah, and funds from the Mary Lou Fulton Professorship, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah.
Identification
Copyright
© 2008 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
