Patients who have had a myocardial infarction (MI) are at high risk for developing
left ventricular dysfunction (LVD), which predisposes them to heart failure and is
associated with an increased mortality risk. Early coronary revascularization, either
with percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass graft surgery, plays
an important role in the preservation and restoration of left ventricular function
after MI. This article discusses the effects of primary and nonemergent percutaneous
coronary revascularization procedures on survival, left ventricular function, and
the occurrence of complications, such as recurrent MI and stroke, compared with the
effects of thrombolytic therapy. In addition, this article describes rescue revascularization
procedures for patients who failed thrombolysis and those presenting relatively late
or with negative electrocardiographic findings. Advanced interventional techniques,
such as percutaneous ventricular assist devices and bioabsorbable stents, are very
promising and may potentially help improve the outcomes of post-MI patients with LVD;
however, the use of these techniques requires further validation.
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© 2008 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
