American Journal of Cardiology
Volume 106, Issue 8 , Pages 1169-1173 , 15 October 2010

Relation of Cardiac Ventricular Repolarization and Global Cognitive Performance in a Community Population

  • Brian P. Lucas, MD, MS

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Cook County Hospital, Chicago, Illinois
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author: Tel: (312) 864-4503; fax: (312) 864-9948
    • ,
  • Carlos F. Mendes de Leon, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Rush Institute for Healthy Aging and Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
    • ,
  • Ronald J. Prineas, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Epidemiology Cardiology Research Center, Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
    • ,
  • Julia L. Bienias, SCD

      Affiliations

    • Rush Institute for Healthy Aging and Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
    • ,
  • Denis A. Evans, MD

      Affiliations

    • Rush Institute for Healthy Aging and Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois

Received 12 March 2010 ,Revised 2 June 2010 ,Accepted 2 June 2010.

References 

  1. Breteler MMB, Claus JJ, Grobbee DE, Hofman A. Cardiovascular disease and distribution of cognitive function in elderly people: the Rotterdam study. BMJ. 1994;308:1604–1608
  2. Petrovich H, White L, Masaki KH, Ross GW, Abbott RD, Rodriguez BL, et al. Influence of myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass surgery, and stroke on cognitive impairment in late life. Am J Cardiol. 1998;81:1017–1021
  3. Newman AB, Fitzpatrick AL, Lopez O, Jackson S, Lyketsos C, Jagust W, et al. Dementia and Alzheimer's disease incidence in relationship to cardiovascular disease in the Cardiovascular Health Study Cohort. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005;53:1101–1107
  4. Ikram MA, van Oijen M, de Jong FJ, Kors JA, Koudstaal PJ, Hofman A, et al. Unrecognized myocardial infarction in relation to the risk of dementia and cerebral small vessel disease. Stroke. 2008;39:1421–1426
  5. Rautaharju P, Rautaharju F. Investigative Electrocardiography in Epidemiologic Studies and Clinical Trials. London: Springer-Verlag; 2007;
  6. Altman DG, Royston P. The cost of dichotomising continuous variables. BMJ. 2006;332:1080
  7. Bienias JL, Beckett LA, Bennett DA, Wilson RS, Evans DA. Design of the Chicago Health and Aging Project (CHAP). J Alzheimers Dis. 2003;5:349–355
  8. Wilson RS, Bennett DA, Beckett LA, Morris MC, Gilley DW, Bienias JL, et al. Cognitive activity in older persons from a geographically defined population. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 1999;54:P155–P160
  9. Rautaharju PM, Kiiperberg C, Larson JC, LaCroix A. Electrocardiographic abnormalities that predict coronary heart disease events and mortality in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative. Circulation. 2006;113:473–480
  10. Rautaharju PM, Zhang ZM. Linearly scaled, rate-invariant normal limits for QT interval: eight decades of incorrect application of power functions. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2002;13:1211–1218
  11. Edenbrandt L, Pahlm O. Vectorcardiogram synthesized from a 12-lead ECG: superiority of the inverse Dower matrix. J Electrocardiol. 1988;21:361–367
  12. Rautaharju PM, Warren J, Wolf H. Waveform vector analysis of orthogonal electrocardiograms: quantification and data reduction. J Electrocardiol. 1973;6:103–111
  13. Malik M, Acar B, Gang Y, Yap YG, Hnatkova K, Camm AJ. QT dispersion does not represent electrocardiographic interlead heterogeneity of ventricular replarization. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2000;11:835–843
  14. Rautaharju PM. Why did QT dispersion die?. Card Electrophysiol Rev. 2002;6:295–301
  15. Sturman MT, Mendes de Leon CF, Bienias JL, Morris MC, Wilson RS, Evans DA. Body mass index and cognitive decline in a biracial community population. Neurology. 2008;70:360–367
  16. Bienias JL, Kott PS, Evans DA. Applying the Delete-a-Group Jackknife Variance Estimator to Analyses of Data from a Complex Longitudinal Survey (JSM Proceedings, Section on Survey Research Methods (CD-ROM)). In: Alexandria, VA: American Statistical Association; 2003;p. 539–544
  17. Young W, Gofman JW, Tandy R, Malamud N, Waters ESG. The quantitation of atherosclerosis. III. The extent of correlation of degrees of atherosclerosis within and between the coronary and cerebral vascular beds. Am J Cardiol. 1960;6:300–308
  18. Drouet L. Atherothrombosis as a systemic disease. Cerebrovasc Dis. 2002;13(Suppl 1):1–6
  19. Waller BF. Atherosclerotic and nonatherosclerotic coronary artery factors in acute myocardial infarction. In:  Pepine CJ editors. Acute Myocardial Infarction. Philadelphia: FA Davis; 1989;
  20. Ikram MA, Hollander M, Bos MJ, Kors JA, Koudstaal PJ, Hofman A, et al. Unrecognized myocardial infarction and the risk of stroke: the Rotterdam Study. Neurology. 2006;67:1635–1639
  21. Prineas RJ, Grandits G, Rautaharju PM, Cohen JD, Zhang ZM, Crow RS. Long-term prognostic significance of isolated minor electrocardiographic T-wave abnormalities in middle-aged men free of clinical cardiovascular disease. Am J Cardiol. 2002;90:1391–1395
  22. Rautaharju PM, Nelson JC, Kronmal RA, Zhang ZM, Robbins J, Gottdiener JS, et al. Usefulness of T-axis deviation as an independent risk indicator for incident cardiac events in older men and women free from coronary heart disease (The Cardiovascular Health Study). Am J Cardiol. 2001;88:118–123
  23. Kuller LH, Lopez OL, Newman A, Beauchamp NJ, Burke G, Dulberg C, et al. Risk factors for dementia in the Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study. Neuroepidemiology. 2003;22:13–22
  24. Vermeer SE, Prins ND, den Heijer T, Hofman A, Koudstaal PJ, Breteler MB. Silent brain infarcts and the risk of dementia and cognitive decline. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1215–1222

 This study was supported by grants AG-11101 and AG-10161 from the National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, Maryland, and the Internal Medicine Research Mentoring Program, Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois.

PII: S0002-9149(10)01220-8

doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2010.06.031

American Journal of Cardiology
Volume 106, Issue 8 , Pages 1169-1173 , 15 October 2010

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution