American Journal of Cardiology
Volume 103, Issue 3, Supplement , Pages 4A-10A , 2 February 2009

Role of Platelets in Atherothrombosis

  • Lisa K. Jennings, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress for reprints: Lisa K. Jennings, PhD, Vascular Biology Center of Excellence, Departments of Internal Medicine, Molecular Sciences and Surgery, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Memphis; and TAM Cardiovascular Clinical Research Consortium, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Coleman Building, Room H300, 956 Court Avenue, Memphis, Tennessee 38163

References 

  1. Farndale RW, Sixma JJ, Barnes MJ, de Groot PG. The role of collagen in thrombosis and hemostasis. J Thromb Haemost. 2004;2:561–573
  2. Coppinger JA, Cagney G, Toomey S, Kislinger T, Belton O, McRedmond JP, et al. Characterization of the proteins released from activated platelets leads to localization of novel platelet proteins in human atherosclerotic lesions. Blood. 2004;103:2096–2104
  3. Varga-Szabo D, Pleines I, Nieswandt B. Cell adhesion mechanisms in platelets. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:403–412
  4. Clemetson JM, Polgar J, Magnenat E, Wells TN, Clemetson KJ. The platelet collagen receptor glycoprotein VI is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily closely related to FcαR and the natural killer receptors. J Biol Chem. 1999;274:29019–29024
  5. Du X. Signaling and regulation of the platelet glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex. Curr Opin Hematol. 2007;14:262–269
  6. Kotha J, Longhurst C, Appling W, Jennings LK. Tetraspanin CD9 regulates beta 1 integrin activation and enhances cell motility to fibronectin via a PI-3 kinase-dependent pathway. Exp Cell Res. 2008;314:1811–1822
  7. Indig FE, Diaz-Gonzalez F, Ginsberg MH. Analysis of the tetraspanin CD9-integrin αIIbβ3 (GPIIb-IIIa) complex in platelet membranes and transfected cells. Biochem J. 1997;327:291–298
  8. Longhurst CM, White MM, Wilkinson DA, Jennings LK. A CD9, αIIbβ3, integrin-associated protein, and GPIb/V/IX complex on the surface of human platelets is influenced by αIIbβ3 conformational states. Eur J Biochem. 1999;263:104–111
  9. McEver RP. Adhesive interactions of leukocytes, platelets, and the vessel wall during hemostasis and inflammation. Thromb Haemost. 2001;86:746–756
  10. Simon DI, Chen Z, Xu H, Li CQ, Dong J, McIntire LV, et al. Platelet glycoprotein Ibα is a counterreceptor for the leukocyte integrin Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18). J Exp Med. 2000;192:193–204
  11. Baglia FA, Shrimpton CN, Emsley J, Kitagawa K, Ruggeri ZM, Lopez JA, et al. Factor XI interacts with the leucine-rich repeats of glycoprotein Ibα on the activated platelet. J Biol Chem. 2004;279:49323–49329
  12. Reininger AJ, Heijnen HF, Schumann H, Specht HM, Schramm W, Ruggeri ZM. Mechanism of platelet adhesion to von Willebrand factor and microparticle formation under high shear stress. Blood. 2006;107:3537–3545
  13. Shattil SJ, Newman PJ. Integrins: dynamic scaffolds for adhesion and signaling in platelets. Blood. 2004;104:1606–1615
  14. Celik S, Langer H, Stellos K, May AE, Shankar V, Kurz K, et al. Platelet-associated LIGHT (TNFSF14) mediates adhesion of platelets to human vascular endothelium. Thromb Haemost. 2007;98:798–805
  15. McGregor L, Hanss M, Sayegh A, Calvette JJ, Trzeciak MC, Ville D, et al. Aggregation to thrombin and collagen of platelets from a Glanzmann thrombasthenic patient lacking glycoproteins IIb and IIIa. Thromb Haemost. 1989;62:962–967
  16. Nanda N, Andre P, Bao M, Clauser K, Deguzman F, Howie D, et al. Platelet aggregation induces platelet aggregate stability via SLAM family receptor signaling. Blood. 2005;106:3028–3034
  17. Jennings LK, Saucedo JF. Antiplatelet and anticoagulant agents: key differences in mechanisms of action, clinical application, and therapeutic benefit in patients with non-ST-segment-elevation acute coronary syndromes. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2008;23:302–308
  18. Turitto VT, Weiss HJ, Zimmerman TS, Sussman II. Factor VIII/von Willebrand factor in subendothelium mediates platelet adhesion. Blood. 1985;65:823–831
  19. Watson SP, Gibbins J. Collagen receptor signalling in platelets: extending the role of the ITAM. Immunol Today. 1998;19:260–264
  20. Brisson C, Azorsa DO, Jennings LK, Moog S, Cazenave JP, Lanza F. Co-localization of CD9 and GPIIb-IIIa (α IIb β 3 integrin) on activated platelet pseudopods and α-granule membranes. Histochem J. 1997;29:153–165
  21. Reilly M, Fitzgerald GA. Cellular activation by thromboxane A2 and other eicosanoids. Eur Heart J. 1993;14(suppl K):88–93
  22. Dormann D, Clemetson KJ, Kehrel BE. The GPIb thrombin-binding site is essential for thrombin-induced platelet procoagulant activity. Blood. 2000;96:2469–2478
  23. Born GV. Aggregation of blood platelets by adenosine diphosphate and its reversal. Nature. 1962;194:927–929
  24. Gaarder A, Jonsen J, Laland S, Hellem A, Owren PA. Adenosine diphosphate in red cells as a factor in the adhesiveness of human blood platelets. Nature. 1961;192:531–532
  25. Hollopeter G, Jantzen HM, Vincent D, Li G, England L, Ramakrishnan V, et al. Identification of the platelet ADP receptor targeted by antithrombotic drugs. Nature. 2001;409:202–207
  26. Takasaki J, Kamohara M, Saito T, Matsumoto M, Matsumoto S, Ohishi T, et al. Molecular cloning of the platelet P2T(AC) ADP receptor: pharmacological comparison with another ADP receptor, the P2Y(1) receptor. Mol Pharmacol. 2001;60:432–439
  27. Zhang FL, Luo L, Gustafson E, Lachowicz J, Smith M, Qiao X, et al ADP is the cognate ligand for the orphan G protein-coupled receptor SP1999. J Biol Chem. 2001;276:8608–8615
  28. Jin J, Kunapuli SP. Coactivation of two different G protein-coupled receptors is essential for ADP-induced platelet aggregation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998;95:8070–8074
  29. Gachet C. Regulation of platelet functions by P2 receptors. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol. 2006;46:277–300
  30. Shattil SJ, McDonough M, Turnbull J, Insel PA. Characterization of α-adrenergic receptors in human platelets using [3H]clonidine. Mol Pharmacol. 1981;19:179–183
  31. Yang J, Wu J, Kowalska MA, Dalvi A, Prevost N, O'Brien PJ, et al. Loss of signaling through the G protein, Gz, results in abnormal platelet activation and altered responses to psychoactive drugs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2000;97:9984–9989
  32. Yang J, Wu J, Jiang H, Mortensen R, Austin S, Manning DR, et al. Signaling through Gi family members in platelets: redundancy and specificity in the regulation of adenylyl cyclase and other effectors. J Biol Chem. 2002;277:46035–46042
  33. Vorchheimer DA, Becker R. Platelets in atherothrombosis. Mayo Clin Proc. 2006;81:59–68
  34. Li G, Sanders JM, Phan ET, Ley K, Sarembock IJ. Arterial macrophages and regenerating endothelial cells express P-selectin in atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E-deficient mice. Am J Pathol. 2005;167:1511–1518
  35. Hermann A, Rauch BH, Braun M, Schror K, Weber AA. Platelet CD40 ligand (CD40L)—subcellular localization, regulation of expression, and inhibition by clopidogrel. Platelets. 2001;12:74–82
  36. Henn V, Slupsky JR, Grafe M, Anagnostopoulos I, Forster R, Muller-Berghaus G, et al. CD40 ligand on activated platelets triggers an inflammatory reaction of endothelial cells. Nature. 1998;391:591–594
  37. Prasad KS, Andre P, He M, Bao M, Manganello J, Phillips DR. Soluble CD40 ligand induces β3 integrin tyrosine phosphorylation and triggers platelet activation by outside-in signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003;100:12367–12371
  38. Prasad KS, Andre P, Yan Y, Phillips DR. The platelet CD40L/GP IIb-IIIa axis in atherothrombotic disease. Curr Opin Hematol. 2003;10:356–361
  39. Barnes PJ. Nuclear factor-κ B. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 1997;29:867–870
  40. Ritchie ME. Nuclear factor-κB is selectively and markedly activated in humans with unstable angina pectoris. Circulation. 1998;98:1707–1713

 Statement of author disclosure: Please see the Author Disclosures section at the end of this article.

PII: S0002-9149(08)02027-4

doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.11.017

American Journal of Cardiology
Volume 103, Issue 3, Supplement , Pages 4A-10A , 2 February 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution