American Journal of Cardiology
Volume 102, Issue 12 , Pages 1608-1613 , 15 December 2008

Comparison of Angiographic and Intravascular Ultrasonic Detection of Myocardial Bridging of the Left Anterior Descending Coronary Artery

Received 13 June 2008 ,Revised 30 July 2008 ,Accepted 30 July 2008.

References 

  1. Channer KS, Bukis E, Hartnell G, Rees JR. Myocardial bridging of the coronary arteries. Clin Radiol. 1989;40:355–359
  2. Irvin RG. The angiographic prevalence of myocardial bridging in man. Chest. 1982;81:198–202
  3. Angelini P, Trivellato M, Donis J, Leachman RD. Myocardial bridges: a review. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 1983;26:75–88
  4. Angelini P, Velasco JA, Flamm S. Coronary anomalies: incidence, pathophysiology, and clinical relevance. Circulation. 2002;105:2449–2454
  5. Kramer JR, Kitazume H, Proudfit WL, Sones FM. Clinical significance of isolated coronary bridges: benign and frequent condition involving the left anterior descending artery. Am Heart J. 1982;103:283–288
  6. Rossi L, Dander B, Nidasio GP, Arbustini E, Paris B, Vassanelli C, et al. Myocardial bridges and ischemic heart disease. Eur Heart J. 1980;1:239–245
  7. den Dulk K, Brugada P, Braat S, Heddle B, Wellens HJ. Myocardial bridging as a cause of paroxysmal atrioventricular block. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1983;1:965–969
  8. Endo M, Lee YW, Hayashi H, Wada J. Angiographic evidence of myocardial squeezing accompanying tachyarrhythmia as a possible cause of myocardial infarction. Chest. 1978;73:431–433
  9. Yano K, Yoshino H, Taniuchi M, Kachi E, Shimizu H, Watanuki A, et al. Myocardial bridging of the left anterior descending coronary artery in acute inferior wall myocardial infarction. Clin Cardiol. 2001;24:202–208
  10. Bestetti RB, Costa RS, Zucolotto S, Oliveira JS. Fatal outcome associated with autopsy proven myocardial bridging of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Eur Heart J. 1989;10:573–576
  11. Morales AR, Romanelli R, Boucek RJ. The mural left anterior descending coronary artery, strenuous exercise and sudden death. Circulation. 1980;62:230–237
  12. Haager PK, Schwarz ER, vom Dahl J, Klues HG, Reffelmann T, Hanrath P. Long term angiographic and clinical follow up in patients with stent implantation for symptomatic myocardial bridging. Heart. 2000;84:403–408
  13. Hering D, Horstkotte D, Schwimmbeck P, Piper C, Bilger J, Schultheiss HP. [Acute myocardial infarct caused by a muscle bridge of the anterior interventricular ramus: complicated course with vascular perforation after stent implantation]. Z Kardiol. 1997;86:630–638
  14. Ishimori T, Raizner AE, Chahine RA, Awdeh M, Luchi RJ. Myocardial bridges in man: clinical correlations and angiographic accentuation with nitroglycerin. Catheter Cardiovasc Diagn. 1977;3:59–65
  15. Noble J, Bourassa MG, Petitclerc R, Dyrda I. Myocardial bridging and milking effect of the left anterior descending coronary artery: normal variant or obstruction?. Am J Cardiol. 1976;37:993–999
  16. Voss H, Kupper W, Hanrath P, Mathey D, Montz R, Bucking J. [Clinical correlations, lactate extraction, coronary venous bloodflow and Thallium-201 myocardial imaging in patients with isolated left anterior descending muscle bridges: normal variant or obstruction? (author's translation)]. Z Kardiol. 1980;69:347–352
  17. Burnsides C, Edwards JC, Lansing AI, Swarm RL. Arteriosclerosis in the intramural and extramural portions of coronary arteries in the human heart. Circulation. 1956;13:235–241
  18. Polacek P, Kralove H. Relation of myocardial bridges and loops on the coronary arteries to coronary occulsions. Am Heart J. 1961;61:44–52
  19. Ge J, Erbel R, Rupprecht HJ, Koch L, Kearney P, Gorge G, et al. Comparison of intravascular ultrasound and angiography in the assessment of myocardial bridging. Circulation. 1994;89:1725–1732
  20. Ge J, Jeremias A, Rupp A, Abels M, Baumgart D, Liu F, et al. New signs characteristic of myocardial bridging demonstrated by intracoronary ultrasound and Doppler. Eur Heart J. 1999;20:1707–1716
  21. Mintz GS, Nissen SE, Anderson WD, Bailey SR, Erbel R, Fitzgerald PJ, et al. American College of Cardiology Clinical Expert Consensus Document on Standards for Acquisition, Measurement and Reporting of Intravascular Ultrasound Studies (IVUS) (A report of the American College of Cardiology Task Force on Clinical Expert Consensus Documents). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;37:1478–1492
  22. Austen WG, Edwards JE, Frye RL, Gensini GG, Gott VL, Griffith LS, et al. A reporting system on patients evaluated for coronary artery disease (Report of the Ad Hoc Committee for Grading of Coronary Artery Disease, Council on Cardiovascular Surgery, American Heart Association). Circulation. 1975;51:5–40
  23. Geiringer E. The mural coronary. Am Heart J. 1951;41:359–368
  24. Lee SS, Wu TL. The role of the mural coronary artery in prevention of coronary atherosclerosis. Arch Pathol. 1972;93:32–35
  25. Penther P, Blanc JJ, Boschat J, Granatelli D. [Intramural anterior interventricular artery (Anatomical study]). Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss. 1977;70:1075–1079
  26. Amplatz K, Anderson R. Angiographic appearance of myocardial bridging of the coronary artery. Invest Radiol. 1968;3:213–215
  27. Tobias SL, Videlefsky SW, Misra VK. Physiological significance of a proximal coronary artery stenosis on a distal intramyocardial bridge: coronary flow velocity patterns pre- and post-angioplasty. Catheter Cardiovasc Diagn. 1995;35:127–130
  28. Kawawa Y, Ishikawa Y, Gomi T, Nagamoto M, Terada H, Ishii T, et al. Detection of myocardial bridge and evaluation of its anatomical properties by coronary multislice spiral computed tomography. Eur J Radiol. 2007;61:130–138
  29. Konen E, Goitein O, Sternik L, Eshet Y, Shemesh J, Di Segni E. The prevalence and anatomical patterns of intramuscular coronary arteries: a coronary computed tomography angiographic study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:587–593

PII: S0002-9149(08)01381-7

doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.07.054

American Journal of Cardiology
Volume 102, Issue 12 , Pages 1608-1613 , 15 December 2008