American Journal of Cardiology
Volume 101, Issue 12, Supplement , Pages S34-S40 , 16 June 2008

Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 and Risk of Stroke

  • Philip B. Gorelick, MD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress for reprints: Philip Gorelick, MD, MPH, Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, 912 South Wood Street, 855N NPI, M/C 796, Chicago, Illinois 60612-7330.

References 

  1. Strong K, Mathers C, Bonita R. Preventing stroke: saving lives around the world. Lancet Neurol. 2007;6:182–187
  2. Heron M. Deaths: leading causes for 2004. National Vital Statistics Reports. 2007;56(5):1–96
  3. Rosamond W, Flegal K, Furie K, Go A, Greenlund K, Haase N, et al. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2008 (Update: A Report From the American Heart Association Statistics Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee). Circulation. 2008;117:e25–e146
  4. Lucas JW, Schiller JS, Benson V. Summary health statistics for US adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2001. Vital Health Stat 10. 2004;218:1–134
  5. National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. What is the Heart Truth?. www.hearttruth.govaccessed 5/19/08
  6. Goldstein LB, Adams R, Alberts MJ, Appel LJ, Brass LM, Bushnell CD, et al Primary prevention of ischemic stroke: a guideline from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council. Stroke. 2006;37:1583–1633
  7. Feinberg WM, Albers GW, Barnett HJM, Biller J, Caplan LR, Carter LP, et al. Guidelines for the management of transient ischemic attacks: from the Ad Hoc Committee on Guidelines for the Management of Transient Ischemic Attacks of the Stroke Council of the American Heart Association. Stroke. 1994;25:1320–1335
  8. Sacco RL. Risk factors, outcomes, and stroke subtypes for ischemic stroke. Neurology. 1997;49(suppl 4):S39–S44
  9. Sacco RL, Shi T, Zamanillo MC, Kargman DE. Predictors of mortality and recurrence after hospitalized cerebral infarction in an urban community: the Northern Manhattan Stroke Study. Neurology. 1994;44:626–634
  10. Broderick J, Brott T, Kothari R, Miller R, Khoury J, Pancioli A, et al. The Greater Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky Stroke Study: preliminary first-ever and total incidence rates of stroke among blacks. Stroke. 1998;29:415–421
  11. Sharah E, Chambless LE, Rosamond WD, Boland LL, Ballantyne CM, McGovern PG, et al. Plasma lipid profile and incident ischemic stroke: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Stroke. 2003;34:623–631
  12. Lerman A, McConnell JP. Pathophysiology of rupture-prone plaque and the role of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2. Am J Cardiol. 2008;(suppl xx):xxx–xxx. [[this issue]].
  13. Ballantyne CM, Hoogeveen RC, Bang H, Coresh J, Folsom AR, Chambless LE, et al. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, and risk for incident ischemic stroke in middle-aged men and women in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:2479–2484
  14. Oei H-HS, van der Meer IM, Hofman A, Koudstaal PJ, Stijnen T, Breteler MMB, et al. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity is associated with risk of coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke: the Rotterdam Study. Circulation. 2005;111:570–575
  15. Elkind MS, Tai W, Coates K, Paik MC, Sacco RL. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, and outcome after ischemic stroke. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166:2073–2080
  16. Robins SJ, Collins D, Nelson JJ, Bloomfield HE, Asztalos BF. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 predicts cardiovascular events in the low HDL-C and low LDL-C population of the Veterans Affairs HDL Intervention Trial (VA-HIT). Presented at the European Society of Cardiology World Congress of Cardiology; September 2006; Barcelona, Spain. Abstract 3448.
  17. Furie KL, Parides MK, Greer DM, Camargo ECS, Singhal AB, Lederer M, et al Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity predicts early stroke recurrence [abstract]. Stroke. 2007;38:458
  18. Wassertheil-Smoller S, Kooperberg C, McGinn AP, Kaplan RC, Berger JS. Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and risk of ischemic stroke in postmenopausal women: the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study [abstract]. Circulation. 2007;115:e222
  19. Rubins HB, Robins SJ, Collins D, Fye CL, Anderson JW, Elam MB, et al. Gemfibrozil for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in men with low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:410–418
  20. Wassertheil-Smoller S, Hendrix S, Limacher M, Heiss G, Kooperberg C, Baird A, et al Effect of estrogen plus progestin on stroke in postmenopausal women. JAMA. 2003;289:2673–2684
  21. Rodriguez RL, D'Agostino R, Abbott RD, Kagan A, Burchfiel CM, Yano K, et al Risk of hospitalized stroke in men enrolled in the Honolulu Heart Program and the Framingham Study: a comparison of incidence and risk factor effects. Stroke. 2002;33:230–237
  22. Bowman TS, Sesso HD, Ma J, Kurth T, Kase CS, Stampfer MJ, et al. Cholesterol and the risk of ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2003;34:2930–2934
  23. Sever PS, Dahlof B, Poulter NR, Wedel H, Bevers G, Caulfield M, Collins R, et al Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial—Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomized controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;361:1149–1158
  24. Plehn JF, Davis BR, Sacks FM, Rouleau JL, Pfeffer MA, Bernstein V, et al. Reduction of stroke incidence after myocardial infarction with pravastatin: the Cholesterol and Recurrent Events (CARE) study. Circulation. 1999;99:216–223
  25. Coull BM. Statin therapy after acute ischemic stroke in the Heart Protection Study: is the role in recurrent stroke prevention now defined?. Stroke. 2004;35:2233–2234
  26. The LIPID Study Group. Prevention of cardiovascular events and death with pravastatin in patients with coronary heart disease and a broad range of initial cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:1349–1357
  27. Pedersen TR, Kjekshus J, Pyörälä K, Olsson AG, Cook TJ, Musliner TA, et al. Effect of Simvastatin on ischemic signs and symptoms in the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Am J Cardiol. 1998;81:333–335
  28. Colhoun HM, Betteridge DJ, Durrington PN, Hitman GA, Neil HAW, Livingstone SJ, et al. Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with atorvastatin in type 2 diabetes in the Collaborative Atorvastatin Diabetes Study (CARDS): multicentre randomised placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2004;364:684–696
  29. Libby P, Sasiels W. Plaque stabilization: can we turn theory into evidence?. Am J Cardiol. 2006;98(suppl):26P–33P
  30. The Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) Investigators. High-dose atorvastatin after stroke or transient ischemic attack. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:549–559
  31. Mannheim D, Herrmann J, Versari D, Gössl M, Meyer FB, McConnell JP, et al. Enhanced expression of Lp-PLA2 and lysophosphatidylcholine in symptomatic carotid atherosclerotic plaques. Stroke. 2008;39:1448–1455
  32. Ballantyne CM, Nambi V, Chambless L, Huc Y, Coresh J, Nie H, et al. Inflammatory biomarkers Lp-PLA2 and CRP for prediction of first ischemic stroke (Inflammatory biomarkers Lp-PLA2 and CRP for prediction of first ischemic stroke [abstract]). Vasc Med. 2007;12:146
  33. Cook N. Use and misuse of the receiver operating characteristic curve in risk prediction. Circulation. 2007;115:928–935
  34. Smith SC, Allen J, Blair SN, Bonow RO, Brass LM, Fonarow GC, et al AHA/ACC Guidelines for secondary prevention for patients with coronary and other atherosclerotic vascular disease: 2006 update. Circulation. 2006;113:2362–2372

 Statement of author disclosure: Please see the Author Disclosures section at the end of this article.

PII: S0002-9149(08)00714-5

doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2008.04.017

American Journal of Cardiology
Volume 101, Issue 12, Supplement , Pages S34-S40 , 16 June 2008

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution