American Journal of Cardiology
Volume 100, Issue 2 , Pages 217-221 , 15 July 2007

Relation of Age, the Apolipoprotein B/Apolipoprotein A-I Ratio, and the Risk of Fatal Myocardial Infarction and Implications for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease

  • Allan D. Sniderman, MD

      Affiliations

    • Mike Rosenbloom Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Royal Victoria Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author: Tel: 514-934-1934 ext. 34637; fax: 514-843-2843.
    • ,
  • Ingar Holme, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Centre for Preventive Medicine, Ulleval University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
    • ,
  • Are Aastveit, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Ås, Norway
    • ,
  • Curt Furberg, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA
    • ,
  • Goran Walldius, MD

      Affiliations

    • King Gustaf V Research Institute and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
    • Astra Zeneca, Molndal, Sweden
    • ,
  • Ingmar Jungner, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
    • CALAB Research, Stockholm, Sweden.

Received 15 December 2006 ,Revised 26 February 2007 ,Accepted 26 February 2007.

References 

  1. Walldius G, Jungner I, Holme I, Aastveit AH, Kolar W, Steiner E. High apolipoprotein B, low apolipoprotein A-1, and improvement in the prediction of fatal myocardial infarction (AMORIS study): a prospective study. Lancet. 2001;358:2026–2033
  2. Jungner I, Marcovina SM, Walldius G, Holme I, Kolar W, Steiner E. Apolipoprotein B and A-I values in 147 576 Swedish males and females, standardized according to the World Health Organization-International Federation of Clinical Chemistry First International Reference Materials. Clin Chem. 1998;44:1641–1649
  3. Jungner I, Walldius G, Holme I, Kolar W, Steiner E. Apolipoprotein B and A-1 in relation to serum cholesterol and triglycerides in 43 600 males and females. J Lab Res. 1992;21:247–255
  4. Walldius G, Jungner I, Kolar W, Holme I, Steiner E. High cholesterol and triglyceride values in Swedish males and females: increased risk of fatal myocardial infarction: first report from the AMORIS (Apolipoprotein-related Mortality Risk Study). Blood Press. 1992;(Suppl):35–42
  5. Marcovina SM, Albers JJ, Kennedy H, Mei JV, Henderson LO, Hannon WH. International Federation of Clinical Chemistry standardization project for measurements of apolipoproteins A-I and B (IV. Comparability of apolipoprotein B values by use of international reference material). Clin Chem. 1994;40:586–592
  6. Marcovina SM, Albers JJ, Henderson LO, Hannon WH. International Federation of Clinical Chemistry standardization project for measurements of apolipoproteins A-I and B (III. Comparability of apolipoprotein A-I values by use of international reference material). Clin Chem. 1993;39:773–781
  7. Conroy RM, Pyorala K, Fitzgerald AO, Sans S, Menotti A, De Backer G, et al Estimation of ten-year risk of fatal cardiovascular disease in Europe: the SCORE project. Eur Heart J. 2003;24:987–1103
  8. Cook NR, Buring JE, Ridker PM. The effect of including C-reactive protein in cardiovascular risk prediction models for women. Ann Intern Med. 2006;145:21–29
  9. Briel M, Schwartz GC, Thompson PL, de Lemos JA, Blazing MA, van Es GA, et al Effects of early treatment with statins on short-term clinical outcomes in acute coronary syndromes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JAMA. 2006;295:2046–2056
  10. Baigent C, Keech A, Kearney PM, Blackwell L. Efficacy and safety of cholesterol-lowering treatment: prospective meta-analysis of data form 90 056 participants in 14 randomised trials of statins. Lancet. 2005;366:1267–1278
  11. Yusuf S, Hawken S, Ounpuu S, Dans T, Avezum A, Lanas F, et al. Effect of potentially modifiable risk factors associated with myocardial infarction in 52 countries (the INTERHEART study): case-control study. Lancet. 2004;364:937–952
  12. Williams K, Sniderman AD, Sattar N, D’Agostino R, Wagenknecht LE, Haffner SM. Comparison of the associations of apolipoprotein B and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol with other cardiovascular risk factors in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS). Circulation. 2003;108:2312–2316
  13. Lloyd-Jones DM, Leip EP, Larson MG, D’Agostino RB, Beiser A, Wilson PWF, et al. Prediction of lifetime risk for cardiovascular disease by risk factor burden at 50 years of age. Circulation. 2006;113:791–798
  14. Daviglus ML, Liu K, Pirzada A, Yan LL, Garside DB, Feinglass J, et al. Favorable cardiovascular risk profile in middle age and health-related quality of life in older age. Arch Int Med. 2003;163:2460–2468

PII: S0002-9149(07)00711-4

doi: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2007.02.086

American Journal of Cardiology
Volume 100, Issue 2 , Pages 217-221 , 15 July 2007

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